![]() If you listen closely to a Vietnamese speaker, you will notice that some words are pronounced with a high or low pitch and other sound more musical. This guide used the Northern (Hanoi) pronunciation. ![]() There are three main varieties of spoken Vietnamese including Northern (used around Hanoi), which is quite different from Southern (Saigon/Ho Chi Minh City ), and Central (Hue) Vietnamese. Compared to English, Vietnamese has few exceptions to these rules. Once you figure out how to pronounce each letter and tone, you will have a pretty good grasp of how to correctly pronounce Vietnamese words. Vietnamese spelling is phonetic and very similar to Portuguese (which it is based on). Vietnamese has 12 vowels and 17 consonants as shown below. The Vietnamese alphabet has a 29-letter phonetic alphabet which includes all letters of in the English alphabet except j, f, w, and z. Because of this shift to the Roman alphabet, learning to read and write Vietnamese is much easier than most other Asian languages. French missionaries changed the written language from Chinese characters in the 17th-century, but their system didn’t become widespread until the 20th-century. Vietnamese uses the same alphabet as Latin languages with a few modifications which include tone and vowel markers. Rice field in Vietnam Vietnamese Alphabet Vietnamese is one of the most spoken languages in the world with approximately 85 million speakers worldwide. Vietnamese has also been officially recognised as a minority language in the Czech Republic. Not only is Vietnamese the official language of Vietnam, but it is also widely spoken in areas where the Vietnamese have immigrated, including Australia, France, the United States, South East Asia, and Western Europe.
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